Correlational study of Vitamin-D deficiency levels and its severity of community-acquired pneumonia in patients admitted into a tertiary care hospital

Sai Varun  M; Deepthi Mudipalli

doi:10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.2.51.56

Authors

M Sai Varun Department of Medicine, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh
Mudipalli Deepthi Department of Gynecology, ACSR Government Medical College, Nellore, Andhra Pradesh

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.18231/j.joapr.2024.12.2.51.56

Keywords:

Community-acquired infections, CURB-65, Vitamin-D deficiency, pneumonia

Abstract

Background: Recent studies have emphasized that people who have low levels of Vitamin D are more prone to the development of infectious diseases, particularly of a community-acquired nature, which has differential morbidity and mortality. Aims & objectives: The present study aimed to determine the correlation between different levels of vitamin D deficiency and severity and outcomes in patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia. Methods: In this study, the serum level of Vitamin D of 100 consecutively admitted community-acquired pneumonia patients was measured. Depending on the level of Vitamin D deficiency, patients diagnosed with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) were assessed for severity of illness by CURB-65 score. Results & Discussion: In the study population, out of 100 patients, 82% of the study sample had deficient serum vitamin D levels. In the study sample, 41 patients with higher deficiency levels of serum Vitamin D have severe illness and scored high on CURB- 65, which is in the range of three to four on the scale. 59 patients with low deficiency levels of serum Vitamin D had low scores of one or two on the CURB-65. On severity assessment in patients with severe deficiency of Vitamin D, the mean length of hospital admission was 12.30±8.47 days compared to patients with mild deficiency of Vitamin D, where the average hospital stay was 8.58±4.04 days. Conclusion: As the severity of deficiency of Vitamin D increases, the frequency of CAP increases, and it is also observed that a severe degree of deficiency is associated with severe illness and prolonged hospital stay.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Das RR, Singh M, Naik SS. Vitamin D as an adjunct to antibiotics for the treatment of acute childhood pneumonia. Cochrane Database Syst Rev, 1, CD011597 (2023).

Angelidi AM, Belanger MJ, Lorinsky MK, Karamanis D, Chamorro-Pareja N, Ognibene J, Palaiodimos L, Mantzoros CS. Vitamin D Status Is Associated With In-Hospital Mortality and Mechanical Ventilation: A Cohort of COVID-19 Hospitalized Patients. Mayo Clin Proc, 96, 875-86 (2021).

Talebi F, Rasooli Nejad M, Yaseri M, Hadadi A. Association of Vitamin D Status with the Severity and Mortality of Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Iran during 2016-2017: A Prospective Cohort Study. Rep Biochem Mol Biol, 8, 85-90 (2019).

Luchnikova T, Prikhodko O. Vitamin D as a marker of worsening of the course of pneumonia. European Respiratory Journal, 56, 2343 (2020)

Singh N, Kamble D, Mahantshetti NS. Effect of Vitamin D Supplementation in the Prevention of Recurrent Pneumonia in Under-Five Children. Indian J Pediatr, 86, 1105-11 (2019).

Miroliaee AE, Salamzadeh J, Shokouhi S, Sahraei Z. The study of vitamin D administration effect on CRP and Interleukin-6 as prognostic biomarkers of ventilator associated pneumonia. J Crit Care, 44, 300-5 (2018).

Yang C, Lu Y, Wan M, Xu D, Yang X, Yang L, Wang S, Sun G. Efficacy of High-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation as an Adjuvant Treatment on Pneumonia: Systematic Review and a Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Studies. Nutr Clin Pract, 36, 368-84 (2021).

Sarhan TS, Elrifai A. Serum level of vitamin D as a predictor for severity and outcome of pneumonia. Clin Nutr, 40, 2389-93 (2021).

Anwar MA, Anis HH, Mehwish, Ahsan M. Vitamin D supplementation protect children from lower respiratory tract infection: a controlled trial. Indo Am J Pharm Sci., 6(3), 6097-6103 (2019)

Alsharkawy AAA, Rezk AR. Role of vitamin D, serum zinc, and serum iron deficiency in community-acquired pneumonia in children. Egypt Pediatric Association Gaz, 69, 19 (2021).

Fadl N, Ashour A, Yousry Muhammad Y. Pneumonia among under-five children in Alexandria, Egypt: a case-control study. J Egypt Public Health Assoc, 95, 14 (2020).

Ismail H, Menazie E, Ibrahim S, Elbaky N. Study of Vitamin D Status in Pneumonia among Children between 6 Months to 3 Years of Age. Open Journal of Pediatrics, 11, 254-267 (2021)

Yadav RK, Kumar D, Singh A, Ziauddin M, Singh DK. Clinical and microbial spectrum of community-acquired pneumonia in children of north India. Trop Doct, 51, 71-7 (2021).

Ensinck G, Lazarte G, Ernst A, Romagnoli A, López Papucci S, Aletti A, Chiossone A, Pigozzi F, Sguassero Y. Community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia in a children's hospital. Our ten-year experience. Arch Argent Pediatr, 119, 11-7 (2021).

Panfili FM, Roversi M, D'Argenio P, Rossi P, Cappa M, Fintini D. Possible role of vitamin D in Covid-19 infection in pediatric population. J Endocrinol Invest, 44, 27-35 (2021).

Lim WS, van der Eerden MM, Laing R, Boersma WG, Karalus N, Town GI, Lewis SA, Macfarlane JT. Defining community acquired pneumonia severity on presentation to hospital: an international derivation and validation study. Thorax, 58, 377-82 (2003).

Guo LY, Li W, Cheng XF, et al. Relationship between vitamin D status and viral pneumonia in children. Pediatr Allerg Immunol Pulmonol., 44, 86–91 (2017)

Shojaeefar E, Malih N, Rezaei N. The possible double-edged sword effects of vitamin D on COVID-19: A hypothesis. Cell Biol Int, 45, 54-7 (2021).

Amrein K, Scherkl M, Hoffmann M, Neuwersch-Sommeregger S, Köstenberger M, Tmava Berisha A, Martucci G, Pilz S, Malle O. Vitamin D deficiency 2.0: an update on the current status worldwide. Eur J Clin Nutr, 74, 1498-513 (2020).

Tang J, Lu Q, Li Y, Huang L. Serum Vitamin D Levels and the Risk of Pneumonia in Children: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. Topics in Clinical Nutrition, 36(3), 252-260 (2021).